SECURING OUTER SPACE: A MAJOR GLOBAL CHALLENGE

Abstract

The article intends to introduce the space security policy portfolio and the
main issues and trends involved in the quest for effective space security
architecture, and the international coordination of its implementation. It outlines
the principal threats to secure space operations, including space debris, orbital
crowding, radiofrequency interference, near-Earth objects (NEO), and the
emergence of a new geostrategic backdrop. It likewise covers the importance of
comprehensive Space Situational Awareness (SSA) capability, including its pivotal
role in preserving the sustainable use of outer space. Finally, it addresses space
governance issues such as the international Code of Conduct for Outer Space
Activities introduced by the European Union (EU), the initiative of the UN
Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space (COPUOS) on long-term space
sustainability, and various transparency and confidence-building measures
(TCBMs).